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Rev. chil. nutr ; 45(3): 223-231, set. 2018. tab, graf
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: biblio-959484

ABSTRACT

RESUMEN El endospermo de semilla de tara (EST) y polvo de las hojas de Agave americana (HAA) fueron evaluados como nuevas fuentes de fibra dietética teniendo como referencia al salvado de trigo (ST). Mediante experimentos in vitro se determinaron las propiedades funcionales y con experimentos in vivo, en ratas Holtzman, los efectos fisiológicos de las dietas alimentadas con 6% de fuente de fibra. El EST tuvo 32,2% de solubilidad; 45,0 g/g de capacidad de absorción; 47,9 g/g retención de agua y 46 ml/g de hinchamiento; valores significativamente superior al ST (p< 0,01). En cambio, el HAA presentó 6,38 g/g de capacidad de adsorción del aceite respecto al 5,27 del ST (p< 0,01). La dieta con EST, tuvieron 8,76% de grasa fecal, valor que supera al ST (p< 0,01). Sin embargo, no hubo efecto sobre el peso corporal de las ratas. El HAA incrementó el volumen fecal y redujo de 14,9 a 10,4 h el tiempo de tránsito intestinal (p< 0,01). El endospermo de semilla de tara, retiene la grasa de la dieta y la elimina a través de las heces; en cambio, el polvo de las hojas de Agave americana, reduce el tiempo de tránsito intestinal.


ABSTRACT The endosperm of tara seeds (EST) and powder from the leaves of Agave americana (HAA) were evaluated as new sources of dietary fiber, using wheat bran (ST) as a reference. In vitro experiments were carried out to determine functional properties and in vivo experiments were used to determine the physiological effects of fed Holtzman rats with diets with 6% of each fiber source. Endosperm of tara had 32.2% solubility, 45.0 and 47.9 g/g absorption and water retention capacity, respectively, and 46 ml/g swelling, values significantly higher than wheat bran (p< 0.01). On the other hand, Agave had higher adsorption capacity of oil than wheat bran (6.38 g/g vs. 5.27 g/g; p< 0.01). Diets with endosperm of tara, were 8.76% of fecal fat, a value that exceeded that of wheat bran (p< 0.01); however, there was no effect on body weight of the rats. Agave increased fecal volume and reduced (p< 0.01) intestinal transit time from 14.9 to 10.4 h. Endosperm of tara retained and eliminated fat from the diet through the feces; on the other hand, the powder of Agave leaves reduced intestinal transit time.


Subject(s)
Seeds , Dietary Fiber , Functional Food , Agave americana , Fabaceae
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